Marmolejo Cossío, José Maria

The Sierra Mazateca, located in Oaxaca, Mexico, is a region that holds profound biocultural significance for the Mazatec people, who regard its forests and mountains as sacred commons. These lands sustain the livelihoods of the Mazatec community and embody a rich cultural heritage deeply intertwined with the region's diverse ecosystems, including tropical and montane mesophyll forests. However, these ecosystems face increasing risks from climate change, which remain poorly understood in this part of the world. Between May and June 2024, intense wildfires swept through the Sierra Mazateca, threatening a humid, fire-independent ecosystem that typically experiences year-round rainfall and has limited historical exposure to fire disturbances.

Our research employs satellite-based indices—the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and the Differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (ΔNBR)—to evaluate fire severity and its impact on vegetation across the Sierra Mazateca. Using Landsat 9 imagery acquired before and after the wildfires, we processed data through QGIS to create thematic maps that classify affected areas by fire severity. These tools allow us to pinpoint the most ecologically impacted zones, providing valuable insights into the extent of damage in a region where natural resources are central to subsistence.

This study highlights the intersection of advanced geospatial technology with Indigenous stewardship of natural resources. By generating actionable data, we aim to support the Mazatec community in fostering ecosystem recovery and resilience. Integrating modern tools with traditional ecological knowledge empowers the community to adapt to contemporary environmental challenges while safeguarding their shared biocultural heritage in the face of uncertain climate changes.